An air conditioning system requires a complex network of ducts for even distribution of air throughout the home. That said, some homes may not have a pre-existing duct system. The installation cost of a new duct system can range from $10 to $25 per square foot, but for larger or older homes, the cost can go even higher. So, homeowners can consider alternative air conditioning options for homes without ductwork.
Cost of installing a new HVAC duct system
Many older homes constructed about ten to twenty years ago may not have ducts. Though ducts help in the distribution of cool air, it is not mandatory to install an HVAC system. If a homeowner wants to buy a new HVAC system without ductwork, they have two choices. They can either install a new duct system for the home or choose an air conditioning system that does not need ductwork.
The cost of installing a new duct system depends on the size of the home, type of duct, duct network design, cost of labor and installation, type of HVAC system, and cost of insulation and sealing. In some states, one has to get permits to install ducts after paying the necessary compliance fees. On average, the cost of installing a new duct system can be anywhere between $3,000 and $5,000 for a 1,000 sq. ft. home.
Air conditioning options without ductwork
The main advantage of having air conditioning ductwork is central air conditioning, where the temperature around the house can be uniform and controlled. But, there are some options one can consider that have been used much before HVAC systems were even invented. These systems can be installed individually in each room, unlike the central air conditioning system, which caters to the entire home.
1. Mini-split AC systems
These systems consist of an outdoor condenser and an indoor air-handling unit. All that a technician has to do is drill a three-inch hole and connect the power cables, copper tubes, and drains between the two units. These systems are known for their energy efficiency since they do not rely on complex ductwork, reducing the loss of cool air and potentially cutting monthly energy bills by a significant amount. Compared to traditional HVAC systems, mini-split AC systems are not only cost-effective to install but also lead to substantial savings on energy expenses.
2. Multi-split AC systems
While mini-split AC systems work for single rooms, a home with multiple rooms may require more than one mini-split AC system – one for each room. Multi-split or multi-zone AC systems can connect two to seven indoor units to one compressor located outside the house. These indoor units come in various types, such as wall-mounted, ceiling-mounted, standing AC units, or tower ACs. Each of these units is connected to the outdoor compressor through cables and has its own thermostat, allowing users to customize the temperature in each room as per their requirements.
Compared to using several mini-split ACs, a single multi-split system is more energy efficient and cost-effective for cooling multiple rooms. Additionally, these systems operate with less noise than traditional AC systems, providing a quieter and more comfortable indoor environment. For example, if a house has five rooms, having a single multi-split AC system will be cheaper than having five individual mini-split units.
3. Variable refrigerant flow systems
Like a multi-split AC system, a variable refrigerant flow system connects multiple indoor units with outdoor condensers. The temperature is controlled by managing the amount of refrigerant that flows to different individual units. Unlike a multi-split AC system that can only cool, VRF systems can be used for heating and cooling. Moreover, these systems are ideal for large homes as there is no need for renovation or remodeling.
4. High-velocity AC systems
These systems are similar to central HVAC systems that provide high-speed heating and cooling. They utilize smaller ducts, typically about two to three inches in size. Technicians can install these systems with minimal drilling, as these ducts can easily be routed through walls and ceilings without extensive remodeling. Further, the air is pushed at high speeds through small ducts, which ensures faster heating and cooling, resulting in more uniform temperature distribution.
5. Window through the wall AC units
Traditional window air conditioners, though less popular today, remain a viable option for rooms or homes that cannot undergo major renovations. While they are noisy, their easy installation, compact size, affordability, and year-round usability make them a convenient choice.
Benefits of choosing the right air conditioning system without ductwork
There are many advantages to choosing air conditioning options over installing a new duct system. Besides saving money, it helps avoid the complicated installation process, which involves drilling into walls and floors and can take one to three days to complete.
- Easy installation with minimal drilling
- Higher energy efficiency
- Individual temperature control according to user requirements
Take into account the available space and the specific requirements of the household. Additionally, assess whether the existing wiring can support the load of operating multiple air conditioning units at the same time, and if necessary, upgrade the electric system accordingly.